√ Understanding Satellite, How it Works, Types and Functions (Complete)
Definition of Satellite, How it Works, Types and Functions (Complete) - In this discussion, we will explain about Satellite. Which includes the understanding of satellites, how satellites work, the types and functions of satellites which are discussed in full and lightly. For more details, please see the review below carefully.
Definition of Satellite, How it Works, Types and Functions (Complete)
Let's discuss the definition of satellite first carefully.
Definition of Satellite
A satellite is an object that goes around or surrounds another object with a certain rotation and revolution time. Based on KBBI (Big Indonesian Dictionary) Satellite is a planetary star that orbits a larger planetary star.
How Satellites Work
A satellite circling the earth will be controlled by a master control station on earth. Satellite control is placed tens of thousands of kilometers from the earth using an automatic system and based on two control systems namely Spin Stabilized Satellite and Three Axiz Body stabilized.
Spin Stabilized Satellite is a way to control the satellite by moving the satellite body by rotating to lead to the desired position. According to the theory, the satellite remains stationary in place but in fact will shift from its true orbit.
Three Axiz Body Stabilized, namely a way to control the position of the satellite based on the X, Y, and Z coordinate axes. With these three axes, they will be compressed into pitch, roll, and yaw positions.
Satellite works in two ways, namely uplink and downlink. Uplink is a transmission sent from the earth to the satellite and downlink is a transmission from the satellite to the earth. In general, satellite communications and how satellites work have a function as repeaters in the sky, satellites also use transponders, which are tools that can enable two-way communication.
Often satellite communications use multiple transponders, the most important thing for a communications network on a satellite is the satellite antenna because of the antenna has a function as a transmission receiver in each area, you can imagine if the antenna is not installed or forgot, it will be difficult to receive information.
To place a satellite using radar in carrying out the transmission, this will be easier according to the area. Satellites obtain energy from the sun by using solar cells. The spacecraft obtains energy from the sun with its large wings and panels placed on it Solar panels, each solar panel has many solar cells that will generate electricity when exposed to light sun.
The solar cell is made of silicon material, this panel will work if it is exposed to sunlight, therefore the satellite is equipped with a sensor that will look for the direction of light.
The connected motor will move the panel to direct sunlight. Even though it is equipped with solar panels, the satellite is still equipped with a power source that can last for 12 years.
Types of Satellites and Their Functions
The following are the types of satellites and their functions, including:
Natural Satellite
A natural satellite is a celestial body or object in outer space that already exists and is orbiting a planet. On the planet Earth has a natural satellite, namely the moon, when circling the earth, the moon experiences three movements simultaneously, namely rotation, revolution around the earth and revolution around the sun.
Rotation is the movement of the moon rotating on its axis or on its axis, the rotation time is 29 days or one month. Revolution, namely the rotating movement or circulation of the moon around the earth, therefore when you see the moon, its shape will continue to change, this is called the phases of the moon.
In one revolution, the moon goes through several phases, namely new moon-crescent-half-moon full-moon-hunchback-half-moon-crescent-back new moon, just like that continuously continuously.
On the other hand, the moon and the earth together revolve around the sun. The time it takes the moon to go around the sun is the same as the time it takes the earth to go around the sun, which is one year.
The moon once a year and the earth around the sun 12 times a year. The revolutions experienced by the moon are often used as calendars in AD and Hijri years.
Natural Satellite Functions:
- By indirectly being able to circle the planet's orbit from being hit by celestial bodies such as asteroids and comets
- Can adjust the rotation speed of a planet because there is the effect of gravitational forces
- To balance the rotation of the sea water cycle which results in sea tides
- Can reduce the effects caused by Ultraviolet radiation
- For lighting at night
Artificial Satellite
An artificial satellite is a human-made space object that orbits a planet. Making satellites has certain types and functions with the aim of meeting human needs. The types of satellites according to their functions are as follows:
-
Navigation Satellite
Is a type of satellite whose function is for navigation and flight. This type of satellite will provide information on the position of ships and aircraft that are on their way. -
Geodesy Satellite
Is a type of satellite whose function is as a tool for mapping the earth and to obtain information about gravity. -
Communications Satellite
Is a type of artificial satellite whose function is as a means of communication such as television, radio, telephone -
Meteorological Satellite
Is a type of artificial satellite whose function is as a tool to examine the atmosphere on earth so that it can predict the weather that will occur -
Research Satellite
Is a type of artificial satellite whose function is to carry out investigations in the solar system and also the universe freely without being affected by the atmosphere. This satellite will try to obtain information and data on the sun and other stars in order to reveal the secrets of nature -
Military Satellite
Is a type of artificial satellite whose function is as a means of national defense, this satellite is used, among other things, to determine the strength of the weapons used by the opponent -
Natural Resources Survey Satellite
Is a type of artificial satellite whose function is to investigate and also map natural resources for the benefit of mining, fisheries, agriculture, and others.
Satellite According to its Elevation
According to the altitude of its orbit, satellites are divided into 3 types, namely:
-
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite
This satellite is located in a low orbit, which is 500 km to 10,000 km from the earth's surface. The time needed for this satellite to evolve is 2 to 6 hours. -
Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) Satellite
This satellite is located in a medium orbit, which is between 10,000 km and 20,000 km and requires a revolution time of 6 to 12 hours. -
Geostationary Earth Global (GEO) Satellite
This satellite is located in a geostationary orbit, which is 36,000 km from the earth's surface. This orbit causes the time for the satellite revolution to be the same as the earth's rotation, which is 1 day.
Thus has been explained about Definition of Satellite, How it Works, Types and Functions (Complete), hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read our other articles.
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