√ Definition of Expansion in Length, Formula, Area and Volume of Solids
Definition of Expansion in Length, Formula, Area and Volume of Solids – In this discussion we will explain about long expansion. Which includes the notion of long expansion, formulas for long expansion, area, volume of solids which are discussed completely and lightly. For more details, please see the review below.
Definition of Expansion in Length, Formula, Area and Volume of Solids
Let's discuss the meaning first carefully.
Definition of Expansion of Solids
The tool used to investigate an expansion of a substance is called the Muschen Broek. In an experiment that was carried out, it was shown that almost all objects when heated will experience changes in length, area and volume.
Solids are substances that have particles that are close together and regular. When heated, the particles vibrate and move away from each other. Which causes the size of the solid to become large which is called expansion. Conversely, when cooled, the particles will approach each other, and cause the size of the substance to shrink, which is called shrinking. Generally this solid substance is heated will expand.
The factors that influence the expansion are as follows:
- Length of Object: The longer the size of a heated solid object, the greater the expansion. For example, an iron rod that is 1 m long before being heated will expand twice as much as another iron rod that is 0.5 m long before being heated.
- Magnitude of Temperature Change: The greater the temperature change experienced by an object between before and after being heated, the greater the expansion. For example, if there are two iron rods, namely iron rod A has a length of 1 m with an initial temperature of 30oC heated to 100oC, then iron B has a length of 1 m with an initial temperature of 30oC heated to 80oC. So after heating, the long expansion of iron A is greater than iron B, because iron A undergoes a temperature change of 70oC, and iron B undergoes a temperature change of 50oC.
- Type of Solids: Like aluminum, aluminum expands more than steel and copper. This means that the increase in length of aluminum is greater than that of copper and steel. For example, if the length of aluminum before heating is 1 meter, and after heating it is 1oC increases by 0.000026 meters, if the length of copper before heating is 1 and after heating is 1oC increases by 0.000011 meters. The numbers increase in length for each 1 meter of material with a temperature increase of 1oC is called the coefficient of long expansion. The symbol for the coefficient of long expansion is α (called alpha) and the unit is meters per degree Celsius (m/oC).
The magnitude of the coefficient of long expansion in several substances can be seen in the following table:
The magnitude of the long expansion in a solid material can be formulated by the following equation:
L = LO { 1 + α (t2 – t1)}
Information:
L = Length after heating or cooling (m) or (cm)
L0 = initial length (m) or (cm)
α = Coefficient of long expansion (m/oC)
t1 = initial temperature (OC)
t2 = final temperature (oC)
Extensive Expansion Process In Solids
As with the long expansion of a solid, all substances when heated will experience a wide expansion. However, the coefficient of broad expansion of the substance is equal to two (2) times the coefficient of long expansion of the solid.
The area expansion in a solid substance can be expressed by the following formula or equation:
A = A0 { 1 + β (t2 – t1)}
Information:
A = Area after heating or cooling (m2) or (cm2)
A0 = Initial area (m2) or (cm2)
β = Coefficient of area expansion (oC)
t2 = initial temperature (oC)
t1 = final temperature (oC)
With the provision of β = 2 α
Process of Volume Expansion in Solids
An example of an expansion event occurs when closing the door, the door leaf cannot close tightly on the door frame. Likewise when closing the window, the window glass does not fit when it is closed to the frame. This incident was caused by the glass doors and windows expanding, making it difficult to put them in place. This kind of expansion occurs because there is an addition to all its parts in the dimensions of length, width and thickness which is called volume expansion or spatial expansion.
Iron balls before heating can enter metal bracelets. After the ball is heated the ball does not go into the bracelet. This incident is an indication that there is an expansion in a ball whose volume expands. This volume expansion or spatial expansion occurs due to the influence of the coefficient of spatial expansion, which is a number that expresses the increase in each volume unit when the temperature is raised.
The amount of area expansion in a material can be formulated by the following equation:
V=V0 { 1 + γ (t2 – t1) }
Information:
V = Volume after heating or cooling (m3) or (cm3)
V0 = Initial volume (m3) or (cm3)
γ = Coefficient of volume expansion ( /oC)
t1 = initial temperature (oC)
t2 = final temperature (oC)
With notes:
γ = 3 α
Thus has been explained about Definition of Expansion in Length, Formula, Area and Volume of Solids, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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