√ Definition of Binary Fission and Its Phases in Bacteria (Complete)
Definition of Binary Fission and Its Phases in Bacteria (Complete) – In this discussion we will explain about binary fission. Which includes the notion of binary fission and binary fission phases in bacteria which are discussed in full and easy to understand.
Definition of Binary Fission and Its Phases in Bacteria (Complete)
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Definition of Binary Fission in Bacteria
Binary fission in bacteria is the process of reproduction and reproduction by asexual means or also called vegetative (not married) is to do self-division direct.
The process of binary fission can occur in organisms that have a single cell. Binary fission in bacteria occurs frequently in bacteria and protozoa as in amoeba having a number of stem cells one will divide into two parts of derived cells that have properties identical. In each part of the daughter cell will experience the process of forming into two more daughter cell parts, and so on.
Often the process of binary fission begins with the process of replication or duplication of DNA into two copies of DNA that have the same properties and will then be copied followed by the process of division in the cytoplasm and in the end a dividing wall will form which forms the boundary between the two parts of the daughter cells and the broodstock bacteria. The purpose of binary fission is to be able to produce offspring or children so that their survival is maintained.
Binary fission is a core method in the process of reproduction in prokaryotic organisms. If in protists, the process of binary fission is usually divided into two types, namely transverse and longitudinal, this depends on the dividing axis of the cell.
In general, transverse division in some types of organisms, for example in tapeworms and scyphostoe polyps, is often called strobilation.
Under normal conditions, bacteria will often be able to carry out the process of binary fission within 20 minutes. If the division process can take place in less than 1 hour, then the process will produce as many as eight new cells.
Binary Fission Phase In Bacteria
Often the binary fission process that occurs in bacteria goes through three phases, namely:
-
First Phase
Namely parts of the cytoplasm will be split by the parts of the septum that experience growth perpendicularly. -
Second Phase
Is the process of growing part of the bulkhead and followed by the transverse wall -
Third Phase
Is the process of forming two new cell parts that have identical properties to the parent.
Bacteria have a large enough surface area that corresponds to the ratio of the total body volume. For this reason, bacteria quickly obtain food from the surrounding environment. This can occur by diffusion or through a process mechanism such as active transport.
This is because if the conditions are suitable and right, bacteria will grow very quickly. In addition, there are several factors that can affect the process of bacterial growth.
And also the factors that influence bacterial growth are humidity or temperature, availability of food, pH, ionic concentration and oxygen. This factor is also needed by obligate anaerobic bacteria.
Division can occur quickly and will continue to multiply, but a colony will experience a slowdown in dividing caused by certain things such as running out of nutrients or accumulation of residual metabolic processes which will later become toxic to bacteria the.
If you look at the curve above, it is shown that bacterial growth is divided into four phases, namely, the lag phase or phase the initial, logarithmic or fast-growing phase, the stationary or slowed-down phase, and the decreasing phase or death.
The above phases will continue and occur in the process of bacterial growth because this process is a phase that must be experienced by bacteria in their growth process. The explanation of each phase above is as follows:
Lag Phase (Initial Phase)
The lag phase is the phase in which bacteria will make adaptations or adjustments to the new environment around them. In this phase, the bacteria have not gone through the growth stage and there is no doubling process at the maximum growth rate. The cell will begin to synthesize important proteins and metabolites.
Logarithmic Phase (Rapid Multiplication Phase)
The logarithmic phase is the phase in which the process of growth occurs in bacteria when it reaches maximum growth. In the phase, there is often a rapid and rapid increase in numbers. The logarithmic phase is also known as the exponential phase.
In this phase the growth is logarithmic, and really needs the right surrounding environmental factors so that it can help and make the process easier.
Stationary Phase (Slowed Down Phase)
The stationary phase is the phase in which the bacterial growth process reaches zero. In this phase there is often no increase and increase in the number of cells in bacteria. The main reason this phase occurs is if there is nutrient availability, there is accumulation of inhibitory metabolites and end products, there is a lack of space for movement.
These bacteria will survive with the remaining nutrients whose portions have become small, and the results of their secretions can function in the process of inhibiting growth. The number of cells that will stop dividing and keep on dividing is the same.
Decline Phase (Death Phase)
The decline phase is the phase in which the cells stop multiplying themselves and generally experience an increase in the death rate. For this reason, the decline phase can also be called the death phase.
The number of these cells will experience an exponential process of death because it is caused by the availability of nutrients that are getting less and starting to run out. Chemostat material or known as chemostatic can perform its function as a supplier of additional nutrients so that in this case some cells still do not experience death.
The reason that influences and is very important in the process of binary fission is time, because each organism does this at the right time. Determining the time to do binary fission is often in the ring part of the spectrum. In the protein ring will then form around the middle of the cell, then the will encourage it to be spread evenly and fairly without damaging the DNA sites or the wall sections cell.
In the cleavage process, errors usually occur which will affect the process formation of daughters with complete DNA sections or additional copies obtained from parts certain genes. Because of this, parts of the septal ring are often designed to help prevent such errors from happening.
Errors that commonly occur during the process take place and problems will occur in the daughter cells that will be produced. That mistake can also cause death in the cell because the new cell cannot sustain its life or things that can happen because of an error in the division process that causes conditions such as cancer.
The advantage of binary fission in bacteria is that, from a bacterial perspective, it is fast and simple. Meanwhile, when viewed from the perspective of having a role in controlling and preventing disease, this binary fission is very beneficial because it helps simplify the production of drugs.
Usually, only one drug is needed for treatment because all bacteria are identical and will respond in the same way. But some bacteria that often experience a resistance process will go through a mutation process which will make it more difficult to treat them or they are drug-resistant.
Thus has been explained about Definition of Binary Fission and Its Phases in Bacteria (Complete), hopefully this is useful and don't forget to read our other articles.
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