Definition of Ecosystem and Its Composition Components
Definition of Ecosystem and Its Composition Components (Discuss in full) – This time we will discuss biology. In biology there is a term that is ecosystem, maybe you have often heard this term from an early age.
But do you know what is meant by this ecosystem? Let's discuss here.
Definition of Ecosystem and Its Composition Components
The following is an explanation of the ecosystem.
Definition of Ecosystem
Ecosystem can be defined as the mutual interaction between living things and their environment. In addition, ecosystems have a high level of organization of life because they include living organisms and the surrounding environment, where the two components influence and interact with each other.
There are two components that make up an ecosystem, namely biotic components and abiotic components. The biotic component is a component that consists of living things or living things, while the abiotic component is a component that all consists of inanimate or inanimate objects.
All biotic components in an ecosystem tend to form a community. Thus, the ecosystem can also be interpreted as a unit between the community and its abiotic environment.
Understanding Ecosystems According to Experts
The following are some explanations regarding the meaning of ecosystems explained by experts:
A.G. Tansley (1935)
He argues that the ecosystem itself is an ecological unit in which there are various structures and functions. The structure of this ecosystem is related to the diversity of species.
An ecosystem also has a complex structure, so there will be a high diversity of species. As for the intended function, it is related to the existence of material cycles and also the flow of energy through ecosystem components.
Woodbory (1954)
An ecosystem in his opinion is a complex unitary arrangement in an area that has habitat, plants and animals. This condition will then be considered as a whole unit, so that all of this can become part of the chain in the cycle of matter and also the flow of energy.
Odum (1993)
The basic set of functional units of an internal ecology which includes organisms as well as the environment. The environment itself in this case is the biotic and abiotic environment, which of the two will then mutually influence one another.
Not only that, in the ecosystem there are also various components that are complete and have complete ecological niches and processes complete ecology as well, so that in this unit material cycles and energy flows occur based on conditions in a place ecosystem.
1997 Environmental Law
The ecosystem here is as an arrangement in a unified and complete way between the elements of the environment so that they influence each other. These environmental elements are also known as biotic and abiotic elements, both living things and inanimate objects in them.
All of this is arranged into a single unit in an ecosystem where each of them cannot stand together itself, but here there must be mutual interaction, mutual influence, so this cannot be done separated.
Ecosystem Compiler Components
There are two components that make up an ecosystem, namely the biotic component and the abiotic component, which will be explained in full below.
Biotic Components
The biotic component includes all organisms or living things of all sizes, from very small (microscopic) to very large (macroscopic). There are four types of biotic components that are distinguished from how to obtain food or survive, namely:
Producer
Also known as a producer. Producers are "organisms capable of producing their own food substances" called (autotrophs) through photosynthesis. Several groups included in this group are types of green plants or plants that have chlorophyll. Then these producers are used by organisms that are unable to produce their own food or are called (heterotrophs) which act as consumers.
Consumer
Also known as "users, consumers" are organisms that cannot produce their own nutrients but always consume nutrients produced by other organisms or creatures. There are several organisms which are classified as users or consumers themselves, including:
- Consumer Level I (first) which is an organism that directly takes nutrients from green plants which are also known as herbivores or plant-eating animals. There are also examples of animals that are included in this Level I Consumer, including: Caterpillars, Field Rats & Grasshoppers.
- Consumer Level II (second) which is an organism that obtains food by preying on herbivores, also known as carnivores or animals that eat meat. Examples of daru animals that are included in the Level II Consumer category include: Frogs & Chickens.
- Level III (third) consumers are organisms where they are at the top of the food chain. This animal is also known as a predator because it has no predators. Examples of animals that are classified as Level III Consumers are: Tigers, Crocodiles and Eagles.
Decomposers are also known as decomposers
Decomposers are "microorganisms in which this role plays a role in decomposing organic materials originating from dead organisms or from the disposal of digestive residues".
With this decomposer, dead and decaying organisms will decompose as well will seep into the soil where it will turn into nutrients and then be absorbed by plants (producer). Not only that, this decomposer activity will produce carbon dioxide gas which will be used in the photosynthesis process.
Detritivore
Detritivores or also called destroyers, namely a group of living creatures which will destroy Organic materials derived from the remains of living things that have died wreckage. Examples of detritivor groups include: termites, ants, centipedes.
Abiotic Components
It is necessary to know that the Abiotic Component is a "lifeless component which is nothing but a support for the survival of the biotic component in an ecosystem". This abiotic component itself is very influential in the types of living things which inhabit the environment itself. Several types of Abiotic Components include the following:
Sunlight
Sunlight itself has a very large influence on ecosystems because the sun itself is a source of energy for all living things, sunlight is also a core element that is needed by plants (producers) which are useful for photosynthesize.
Water
Water itself also has a very important influence on an ecosystem because water itself is a source that is very necessary for the survival of organisms. There is no organism on this earth that does not need water.
Land
Soil itself is a living place for organisms that are located on land. Soil types also vary according to the organisms contained therein. Soil is also here to provide various important elements needed in the growth of organisms, especially for plants.
Wind
The wind itself also has a role in determining the humidity in the environment of an ecosystem and has a role in spreading plant seeds so that they can live.
Temperature
Temperature turns out to have an effect on certain organisms in ecosystems because temperature itself has several types of organisms which can only live within a certain temperature range.
Well, that's a little review about Definition of Ecosystem and Its Composition Components, hopefully it can add to our insights and be useful for all of us. That is all and thank you.
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