Statistics: Definition, Scope and Formula
Statistics: Definition, Scope and Formula – What is meant by statistics? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss Statistics and its formulas. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
Statistics: Definition, Scope and Formula
Statistics is a branch of applied mathematics which consists of theories and methods on how to collect, measure, classify, calculate, explain, synthesize, analyze, and interpret the data obtained by means systematic. Thus, it consists of a set of procedures on how to:
- Collecting data
- Summarize data
- Processing data
- Present data
- Drawing conclusions and interpretation of data based on the data set and the results of the analysis
Scope of Statistics
Based on the orientation of the discussion
- Mathematical statistics: theoretical statistics that are more oriented towards understanding mathematical models and statistical techniques theoretically.
- Applied statistics: statistics that are more oriented towards an intuitive understanding of statistical concepts and techniques and their use in various fields
Based on the stages and objectives of the analysis
- Descriptive statistics:
Descriptive statistics relates to the application of statistical methods regarding the collection, processing, and presentation of a data set so that it can provide useful information.
Statistics that use data on a group to explain or draw conclusions about that group only
Explaining/describing the various characteristics of data through:- Location Size (Central Tendency): mode, mean, median, etc
- Measures of Variability/Dispersion: variance, standard deviation, range, etc
- Shape Size: skewness, kurtosis, box plot
- Inferential Statistics:
Inference statistics (inference statistics) is a branch of statistics related to application statistical methods for estimating and/or testing hypothesized population characteristics based on data sample.
Statistics that uses data from a sample to draw conclusions about the population from which the sample is drawn
Making various inferences (drawing conclusions) on a set of data derived from a sample. These inference actions such as making estimates, forecasting, decision making and so on.
Based on the distribution assumptions used
- Parametric statistics:
statistical measurement techniques based on certain assumptions, for example data taken from normally distributed populations.
This statistical technique is used for interval and ratio data. - Non-parametric statistics:
statistical techniques that use few assumptions (or even none at all) are sometimes also known as statistical models that are independent of certain distributions - These non-parametric statistics are used to analyze nominal and ordinal scale data.
In general, every data testing technique with parametric statistical techniques has an equivalent technique in non-parametric statistics. The equivalent technique in non-parametric statistics is usually used when the interval/ratio data does not fulfill certain assumptions, for example the data is not normally distributed. For example, if the data to be analyzed using the F-Test (Anova) does not meet the Anova assumptions (additiveness, normality, homoscedasticity, independence) even though it has been transformation is carried out, then the last alternative we can test it by using the Kruskal-Wallis Test (One Way Anova – RAL) or the Friedman Test (RAK) which is a statistical technique nonparametric.
Based on the number of variables
- Univariate Statistics: a statistical analysis technique that only involves one dependent variable
- Multivariate Statistics: statistical analysis techniques that involve more than one dependent variable at once.<
Statistical Formulas
Statistical Formulas to Find the Mean (Mean Value)
The meaning of the Mean itself is the average calculated value and in the Mean Formula (Average Calculated Formula) this can be done by dividing the Amount of Data Values by the amount of data. Then the Statistical Formula to Find the Count Average has three formulas which are divided among others
- Calculated Average Formula from Single Data
- The Mean Formula of the Data in the Frequency Distribution
- The formula for finding the combined average
Basic Statistical Formulas to Find the Mode
The formula for calculating and finding the mode is divided into two, the first is the formula for the mode of the data not yet grouped which means the size that has the highest frequency denoted by mo.
The second mode formula is the formula for finding the mode of grouped data which is calculated using the formula below.
The Statistical Formula for Finding the Median
The formula for finding the middle value (median) is divided into two, the first being the formula for the middle value of unpublished data grouped by looking for data values that must be grouped first from the smallest to the largest biggest.
Both Median Formulas from data that have been grouped.
- Basic Statistical Range Formula
- Quartile Deviation Formula for Mathematical Statistics
- Basic Statistical Standard Deviation Formula
- Statistical Average Deviation Formula
- Formulas for Variety of Mathematical Statistics
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Statistics, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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