Performing Arts: Definition, Types, Elements, Terms and Functions

Performing Arts: Definition, Types, Elements, Terms and Functions – Performing arts are works of art involving groups or individuals at a certain time and place. At this time we will discuss it further to understand it better, let's look at the article.

Performing Arts: Definition, Types, Elements, Terms and Functions

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Performing arts is one of the complex works of art because basically performing arts do not only involve one type of component but involve various types of works of art. Similar to a drama performance, the art displayed is not only a positional art but a combination from several acting arts, makeup, music, make-up and costumes used by drama actors the. Performing arts cannot stand alone, so performing arts are referred to as complex works of art.

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Definition of Performing Arts According to Experts

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  Murgiyanto (1995):According to Murgiyanto, performing arts are a spectacle that has artistic value in which the spectacle is presented as a show in front of an audience. Sal Murgiyanto also said that performance studies is a new discipline that brings together art sciences (musicology, dance studies, theater studies) at one point and anthropology at another point in an inter-disciplinary study (ethnomusicology, dance ethnology and performance studies).

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• Soedarsono:According to Soedarsono, performing arts are a group of arts that function as a means of ritual, personal entertainment, and aesthetic presentations that teach how humans should behave social.
• Anatarfi:According to Anatarfi, performing arts is a medium that is used to express/convey moral messages, etc. to the audience in the form of dialogue or movement.
• Malarangjaya:According to Malarangjaya, performing arts are a medium for expressing human feelings and intentions.
• Muhyani:According to Muhyani, performing arts is a medium for expressing creativity, feelings and human intentions.
• RoseLee Goldberg:According to Rose-Lee Goldberg, performing arts are art that can be presented alone, in groups with lighting, music or pictures made by artists alone or in collaboration, and performed in venues ranging from an art gallery or museum to an “alternative space”, a theatre, cafe, bar or corner road.
• Sapardi Djoko Damono:According to Sapardi Djoko Damono, performing arts is a branch of art that has 3 elements, namely the director, performers and audience.
• Edi Sedyawati:According to Edi Sedyawati, performing arts are arts that have been discovered in late prehistoric times, especially during the Bronze Age and In its development, performing arts have functions namely religious, educative, strengthening social integration, entertainment and eyes livelihood.
• Bagus Susetyo (2007:1-23):According to Bagus Susetyo, performing arts are a cultural expression, a vehicle for conveying cultural values ​​and embodiment of aesthetic-artistic norms that develop according to the times, and the area where the performing arts form grows and develop.

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Types of Performing Arts

Types of Performing Arts include;

Puppet

Surely you have seen a puppet show, right? The show, which is guided by the puppeteer, shows the wayang characters which are generally taken from stories of Ramayana and Mahabharata, there are also those that take on regional characteristics such as Cepot from Sunda. The form of the puppet itself varies, there are wayang golek, shadow puppets, etc.

Sedyawati and Darmono in 1983 said that wayang is a form of performance traditionally presented by a puppeteer, using puppets or the like as props show. On the other hand, Sastroamidjojo said that wayang puppets were carved in a certain way.

Comedy Drama

Comedy drama show is a drama that is entertaining and funny. Even though the comedy factor is actually not the main thing in a comedy drama show, comedy is something that wraps up a show comedy drama in order to produce entertainment that can be accepted by all audience groups, be it children, young people or aged.

For Aristotle, Comedy is a mimesis for inferior people. Inferior or "despicable" is contrasted with honorific in the context of the incident. In an Genesis comedy play, the central character of the comedy comes from a low class, while the central character of the incident is a respectable personality.

Dance

Dance is very closely related to culture in a region. Especially when talking about Indonesia, which has a variety of regional cultures and arts. Dance is a body exercise that one does rhythmically. The dance is performed or shown like another form of outpouring of expressions, feelings, intentions and especially the mind of the dancer.

Music

We can find musical art performances anywhere, especially every day on TV. There are various types of musical performances. It matches the type of music that is performed in a series of activities. For example dangdut music performances, pop, jazz, keroncong, etc. Every musical performance certainly has a lot of audience, this is because so many people are interested in the world of music or many just want to just enjoy it.

Opera

What is opera anyway? Opera is a form of drama that is performed directly on stage. In fact, opera is an old term for a broadcast or drama performance. For Balthazar Vallhagen, opera is an art that depicts the nature of a person or human being in the form of movement which becomes a story that accompanies the depiction of that character.

Magic

magic itself is a performing art that presents a combination of various existing arts. Magic generally combines the arts of music, costumes, fine art and even mixes various disciplines, such as mathematics, life, chemistry, psychology and others. Magic is not an art that smells of supernatural or magical things, but an attraction full of tricks.

Theater

Theater itself comes from English, namely theater or theater. The word theater is meant as a place or theater. On the other hand, for the term theater, everything that is shown on stage is eaten by the audience. Theater in this era is often held by communities or art clubs that are specifically oriented towards positional arts.

Performing Arts Terminology

Performing art is a work of art that involves individual or group action at a certain time and place. The performance of the performing arts itself usually involves four elements: space, time, the actor's body and the actor's relationship with the audience.

Although performance art can also be said to be mainstream art such as circus, music, and theatre, these arts are usually known as with "performing art" performance art or commonly called performance is art that usually refers to conceptual art that originates from fine arts and turns to visual arts. contemporary. The following are terms in a performing arts:

• Space: a place for a show
• Time: the opportunity used by the cast
• Players: performances performed by one or more people
• Audience: connoisseurs who watch a performance.

In addition to these things, a performing arts must include several things, including:

• Story/plot: The content of the storyline that must be displayed is a conflict between one actor with other actors, usually a story is in the form of dialogue arranged in a script or script.
• Players: Actors in performing arts must have two ways to tell stories to the audience, namely actions and words.
• Place: Place is very important in a performance art, place is also to express the nature and character of the characters according to the contents of the story.
• Audience: An audience must exist to support the survival of the performing arts, for example the circus art gets its survival from the results of the audience's fees.
• Director: In charge of creating the contents of the story for all the audience through the actions and words of the actors on stage.

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Performing Arts Elements

Elements that must be considered in performing arts:

• Theme:The first is the theme, which is the main idea that underlies a story. Themes can be reduced to topics and then topics can be developed into stories in performing arts with these dialogues.
• Plot:Plot is the storyline of a story, the plot has a gradual development of conflict. The series of plots as follows:
  • a. exposition: the introduction of characters, both names, characters and characters to the audience through the character's playing attitude.
  • b. conflict: this stage is the stage where disputes and conflicts begin between characters
  • c. climax: at this stage the atmosphere is getting heated and the problem peaks
  • d. resolution: this stage is the last stage of the conflict which will display the characteristics of the character and create a tragic, touching atmosphere and so on.
• Characterization: In characterization includes various things including: psychological aspects: this aspect is an aspect of the exhibition of character recognition and naming of characters, such as body height, skin color, fat/thin hair. b. sociological aspect: this aspect is like telling the character's condition and the character's interactions with other characters another
• Dialog: Dialogue, namely the conversation of one character with another character where the conversation or interaction must be in accordance with what is owned by the character of the character, for example, character one has a gentle nature and even when having a dialogue must be weak gentle. In this dialogue the actors convey the meaning implied in a story.
• Language: Language is the initial material of a scenario when it is made and in the form of sentences. The sentence must be effective and communicative.
• Ideas and Messages: The message here was made by the author and staged by the cast when on stage. Messages can be modified so that the audience does not get bored and is easily accepted, for example during jokes, education and so on7.
• Background: Background, namely the atmosphere where the scene occurs on stage, there are two backgrounds, namely lighting and stage layout.

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Performance art concept

1. Fine art is divided into: make-up art, painting, relief art, building art, sculpture art

2. sound arts are divided into: instrumental arts, vocal arts, literary arts (prose and poetry)

3. Dramatic art, namely a combination of fine art and sound art (film art).

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Functions of the Performing Arts

• Health Function,performing arts contribute to health, for example, people with psychological illnesses and the like, The sufferer will be presented with music treatment according to the problem the sufferer is experiencing the.
• entertainment Function,Of course the function of the performing arts is one of them for entertainment only when someone is bored with daily activities and work.
• Economic Function,It is said that the economic benefits are when the performing arts bring profit, usually the arts that are invited to attend wide public and has fulfilled the conditions so that the show is valuable and appreciated by several money.
• Aesthetic Function,This aesthetic use is usually for the medium of expression of artists in showing their work, for example dance, music, theater, drama and so on.
• Educational Function,Yes, of course the benefits of this learning are in the performing arts, for example the art of angklung music when a person playing it indirectly the person has carried out social values, education, guidance, as well cooperation.
• Social Function,Performing arts are very warm in terms of social use because they have moral messages in them such as for example the art of wayang in which the message of learning, morals, religion is also implied etc.
• Religious Function,The religious function itself developed because the beginning of performing arts was for ritual media. It is said to be a ritual medium, namely using certain movements, sounds and actions for ceremonies and days the greatness of a certain religion that still uses it so that it can be said as a religious function.

Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Performing Arts,Hope it is useful.