Large Blood Circulation: Definition, Types, Components and Functions

Large Blood Circulation: Definition, Types, Components and Functions – What is major blood circulation?, On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss it, including the types, components and of course other things that also cover it. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it

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Large Blood Circulation: Definition, Types, Components and Functions

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Blood circulation is an important process in meeting the body's oxygen needs. Through blood circulation, the body obtains the substances it needs, and can dispose of the substances the body needs, so as not to criticize the body's health. Blood circulation also helps in controlling body temperature, and distributes hormones to the organs that need them.

Blood circulation can run well, can not be separated from the heart's impulse. The heart beats to pump blood to all parts of the body. Normally the heart rate of a person aged around 72 beats per minute. This pulse weakens with age and when a person is asleep.

The circulatory system consists of the blood vessels, the muscles that help move the blood, the heart and the blood itself. Blood flows away from the heart to go to all parts of the body.

Blood flows from the left side of the heart to the arteries, the arteries will flow blood that contains oxygen to the arteries, from the arteries, the blood will pass through the arterioles, which are the smallest arteries. Blood that carries oxygen will release oxygen throughout the body to help the body's metabolic processes.

Blood circulation in humans reverses 2 times through the heart, this is because human blood circulation is a double circulation, which consists of large and small blood circulation. Here is the explanation

Blood circulation to the human body is divided into 2, namely small blood circulation and large blood circulation, so that humans can continue to flow blood because blood has a function for the human body. When the heart porch expands, blood coming from the veins will enter the heart.

If the two atriums are conical, the blood will run down the wall. When the two walls are conical, blood will come out and the heart leads to the arteries that carry blood throughout the body and lungs. Blood that goes to all bodies finally returns to the heart through veins.

Blood from all over the body enters the heart through the right atrium, then to the right wall. Blood from the right wall goes to the lungs. After binding oxygen, blood and lungs flow back to the left atrium of the heart. Blood from the left atrium enters the left wall and exits again towards the whole body.

Thus, the circulation of blood in the human body can be called double blood circulation or double blood circulation. Double blood circulation is divided into small blood circulation and large blood circulation.

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Great Circulatory System

The major circulatory system starts from the heart on the left wall which produces oxygenated blood to be given to the oarta. Oarta will drain blood into the upper arteries and the lower arteries. In this process the heart will pump harder to put more pressure on the blood, this pressure is assisted by the pulse of the arterial muscles.

Which is entwined as far as blood travels in this channel. After the blood has done its job of distributing oxygen to the organs in the body properly, it will penetrate the arterioles to reach the capillaries.

In the capillaries, blood that has oxygen will exchange with blood that has carbon dioxide, then the blood enters the venule channels and will flow in the veins.

The base vein and the upper vein will meet at the vena cava to penetrate the right atrium and continue the expedition leads to the right wall by passing through the tricuspid valve, on the other hand the carbon dioxide from the cells diffuses in blood. This gas exchange takes place by means of the tiny capillaries that surround the body cells.

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Types of Blood Vessels

There are 3 various blood vessels that function in the process of blood circulation. These blood vessels are arteries, veins, and capillaries.

• Arteries

Arteries function in transporting clean blood from the heart to all bodies, except for the pulmonary arteries. The pulmonary artery functions to carry dirty blood that needs oxygenation.

Arteries have thick and elastic chambers. Of course these arteries leave the heart. The blood pressure is stronger when compared to the pressure that is owned by the veins. These arteries are generally also located on the inside surface of the body and have one origin (aortic).

• Veins

These veins are often referred to as veins. This is because the veins are responsible for carrying dirty (oxygen-poor) blood back towards the heart, except for the pulmonary veins, which are responsible for carrying clean blood towards the heart.

Veins have valves along the veins. The number of valves in this vein is related to the function of the vein carrying blood whose direction of movement is against gravity. These valves are in charge of protecting the blood vessels flowing to the heart without falling back in the opposite direction.

• Capillary vessels

Capillaries are very small blood vessels where arteries end. These vessels act as distributors of important substances to the tissues that allow various processes in the body to take place.

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Components of Blood Components

The components of human blood consist of red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), blood platelets (platelets), and blood plasma.

• Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

Human red blood cells are small, biconcave discs (concave on both sides). Human red blood cells are close to 5 in number. 000. 000 cells in each ml of blood. Red blood cells have hemoglobin which is rich in iron and has the ability to bind oxygen from the lungs and distribute it throughout the body.

Red blood cells are built in the bone marrow, mainly from short, flat, irregular bones. The life span of red blood cells is approximately 115 days. Therefore, our body needs enough protein and iron to make new red blood cells. We can get protein and iron from the foods we eat every day.

Red blood cells that are 115 days old will be destroyed in the lymph and die. Hemoglobin will be broken down into hemo and globin. Hemo will be used to make red blood cells again and the rest will be converted into bilirubun (melamine yellow) and biliverdin. Conversely, globin which is a protein, will be converted into amino acids that will be used by tissues.

• White Blood Cells (leukocytes)

White blood cells which act as the body's defense have a larger shape than red blood cells. However, in every cubic mm of blood, white blood cells have a smaller number than red blood cells, which is around 6000-8000 cells.

White blood cells are colorless (clear). There are various types of white blood cells and are generally divided into 5 types, namely granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Each of these white blood cells has different characteristics and positions. Granulocytes and monocytes have a significant position in the body's protection against microorganisms.

With their ability to be phagocytes and their amoeboid movements, these cells can move freely to eat its prey, so that these cells can capture and destroy foreign substances that enter it body. People who have excess white blood cells
10. 000) is called leukosis, whereas a person who lacks white blood cells is called leukopenia.

• Platelets (platelets)

Platelets function in the blood clotting process. The number of platelets in each mm of blood is 300. 000. Platelets are built in red bone marrow megakarocytes. Platelets have non-nucleated characteristics with dimensions 2–4 microns smaller than erythrocytes and leukocytes. The shape is not orderly and aged 8-12 days.

If injured, it will be damaged and produce the enzyme thrombokinase. The enzyme thrombokinase, calcium ions, and vitamin K work together to help convert prothrombin into thrombin. With the encouragement of thrombin, fibrinogen turns into fibrin which will cover the injury.

• Blood plasma

Blood plasma is a yellow colored liquid which in response is slightly alkaline in nature. Blood plasma has a composition of 55% of blood fluid. Blood plasma is composed of water, protein, mineral salts and other organic matter. Blood plasma universally also functions in the blood clotting process, like antibodies, and regulates the body's metabolism.

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Functions of the Circulatory System

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  Distributes oxygen

Distributes oxygen from the lungs throughout the body and carries carbon dioxide left over from cell activity from the body to the lungs for disposal. Capillaries near the alveolar bubbles in the lungs will absorb oxygen (O2) from the air we inhale.

This oxygen is bound by hemoglobin in erythrocytes (red blood cells). Oxygen-rich blood will be taken to the heart and from here it will flow throughout the body through the arteries (veins) to provide the body's cells with oxygen.

From cells throughout the body, veins (veins) carry dirty blood containing carbon dioxide (CO2) to the heart, after that it is carried to the lungs where carbon dioxide will enter the lungs to be expelled when we exhale breath.

• Lifting nutrition

Removes the nutrients needed for the body's metabolism from the digestive system and carries metabolic waste to the kidneys for disposal. The nutrients obtained from the food that is digested will be absorbed into the bloodstream through the capillaries in the villi, the small projections that surround the small intestine.

These nutrients include glucose, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids. These nutrients will be distributed throughout the body as a source of energy in cell metabolism.

The blood will then carry metabolic waste substances from the body's cells to the kidneys via the renal arteries and liver (liver).

The kidneys filter substances such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine out of the blood plasma and into the ureters. The liver also removes toxins from the blood. The rest of this metabolism is removed from the body through the excretory system, such as when we urinate.

• Lifting hormones

Blood also carries some of the hormones secreted by the glands of the endocrine system to target organs and tissues. Hormones control changes in the human body, such as the growth of the sex organs.

• Lifting the body's immune system

White blood cells, also called leukocytes, are disease-fighting components of blood. Leukocytes only make up 1% of blood circulation but will increase in number if there is inflammation or swelling. Germs, viruses or fungi that infect will be attacked and paralyzed by the immune system in the blood so that they do not harm the body.

• Controlling body temperature

Blood seeps and distributes heat throughout the body. It helps maintain homeostasis (body temperature stability) through the release or conservation of heat. Blood vessels grow or contract when reacting to conditions outside the body.

This action controls the flow of blood and heat towards or away from the surface of the skin where heat is lost, and controls how much heat is released from the body.

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