Characteristics of Traditional Dances: Definition According to Experts, Types, Elements and Examples

Characteristics of Traditional Dances: Definition According to Experts, Types, Elements and Examples - What is the traditional dance? Traditional dance is a dance originating from a group of people in an area that has existed for generations and then has become a culture. At this time About the knowledge.co.id will discuss the characteristics of traditional dance and other elements about it. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.

Characteristics of Traditional Dances: Definition According to Experts, Types, Elements and Examples

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Dance is a rhythmic movement of the body and is performed at a certain time and place for the purpose, association, thoughts and also to express feelings. The sound or what is commonly known as the accompaniment of the dance, aims to regulate the movement of a dancer and strengthen the meaning of what will be conveyed.

The following are some of the characteristics of traditional dances including:

• Generally accompanied by the sound of traditional music, for example music produced by gamelan, harp, drums, and so on.
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• Generally contain a specific purpose and meaning.
• It was developed and then passed down from generation to generation by a group of people in their place of origin.
• Usually grows and then develops among the common people and villages.
• Wearing simple and typical clothing from the region of origin.

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Definition of Traditional Dance According to Experts

To better understand and understand what is meant by dance, here is the meaning of traditional dance according to some experts below:

According to Drs I Gede Ardika

An expert named Drs I Gede Ardika argues that the meaning of dance is something that can bringing together many things so that everyone can adapt himself or equate his movements according to his way Alone.

According to S. Hamardani

An expert named S. Hamardani argues that the notion of dance is an expression of expression in the form of beautiful and rhythmic movements.

According to Soeryodinignrat

An expert named Soeryodinignrat argues that the notion of dance is a movement of the same limb or body in harmony with the sound generated by music and gamelan and is regulated by a rhythm that is in accordance with the purpose of the dance the.

According to Bagong Sudito

An expert named Bagong Sudito argues that the notion of dance is an art in the form of rhythmic motion and can be a means of human expression.

According to M. Jazuli

An expert named M. Jazuli argues that the notion of dance is that it is the same body movement and also in rhythm with the sound of music that can be used as an expression of certain intentions and goals.

According to Soedarsono

An expert named Soedarsono argues that the notion of dance is an expression of the human soul in the form of beautiful and rhythmic movements.

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Types of Traditional Dance

Judging from the meaning of this dance is divided into 3 types, namely as follows:

Classical Dance

Usually comes from the palace and aristocratic environment that has developed since the feudal era. This traditional dance was then passed down from generation to generation only to the nobility.

The characteristics of classical dance are:

• Have certain rules and standards
• Contains high artistic value and has a deep meaning
• Presented with a luxurious appearance, starting from the movements, makeup to the costumes worn
• The dance movements shown are arranged
• Each dance movement has its own meaning.
• Examples of classical dance are the Srimpi dance, the Bedhaya dance, the Golek dance, the Bondabaya dance, and the Srikendi Bisma dance.

Folk Dance

This dance is often referred to as folklasik. Is a type of traditional dance that originated from the culture of the local community and developed since primitive times. This dance has been passed down from generation to generation until now.

The characteristics of folk dance are:

• It tends to be simple and thick with social nuances
• Not so concerned with artistic value
• Movement activities carried out are based only as a medium of entertainment
• More inclined to the customs and habits of the people of certain groups
• Classified as simple in the use of movement, make-up and costumes.
• Examples of folk dances include Lengger, Ndolalak, Sintren, Polostomo, Rodata, Gaplek and many more.

New Creation Dance

This type of dance is a type of classical dance that has undergone changes and is dynamic. This type of dance was developed following the times, even so this dance still maintains the values ​​and meanings that are in it. New types of dance creations are usually made by professional dance experts.

The characteristics of the new creation dance are:

• This dance is formed from a traditional type with the process of adding new innovations
• There are additional movement innovations, music accompaniment and makeup that tend to be fresher
• The property used in this type of dance uses more modern tools.
• Examples of new creation dances are the Nguri dance from Sumbawa, the Merak dance from West Java, the Rara Ngigel dance from Yogyakarta, the Butterfly dance from Bali, and the Manipuren dance from Central Java.

Example of Traditional Dance

As Indonesian citizens, we are obliged to preserve our culture, which has been passed down from generation to generation from our ancestors. The following is an example of traditional dance:

Jaipong traditional dance

Jaipong dance is a dance originating from West Java. You will often see this dance being danced at various events such as weddings and government events. The Jaipong dance also comes from the Sunda region and was created by Gugum Gumbira.

The Jaipong dance is very protected by local residents and is preserved by people who really like this culture, so a group of Jaipong dancers is formed.

Kecak traditional dance

The Kecak dance is a type of traditional Balinese dance which is already well known and has become something the show is very interesting, so that this dance is very much needed by the tourists who arrive Balinese land.

This Kecak dance was also created by someone named Walter Spies and Wayan Limbak. This Kecak dance also depicts the Legend of Ramayana. Most of the dancers of this Kecak dance are men. The number of dancers who perform this dance can number from tens or hundreds more people.

Saman dance

Saman dance is a dance created by a figure from the Islamic religion whose name is Syeh Saman. The lyrics of this dance use Arabic and are mixed with Acehnese. This dance does not have any musical accompaniment, because this dance only uses hand movements accompanied by verses that have been sung and can produce a happy atmosphere.

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Dance Elements

After knowing the meaning of traditional dance, it would be nice if you knew in advance about the elements in the following dance.

Main Elements of Dance

The main elements that make up a dance are rhythmic movements which already include the three main elements in the art of dance. If one of these elements is absent or even all three then it cannot be called dance. The three main elements are:

• Wiraga: wiraga or body must be present in a dance performance. The art of dance must highlight body movements, both in a sitting position and in a standing position.
• Wirama: wirama means rhythm, namely a dance art must have movements with rhythms that match the music both in tempo and in rhythm.
• Wirasa: wirasa means the same as taste, meaning that a dance must be able to convey a message and represent a feeling through the movements and expressions of the dancer.

Supporting Elements of Dance

When the main factors of dance have been fulfilled, it will be optimal if the supporting factors for dance are also fulfilled. So that when performing dance performances, the results of the dance performances appear to have a certain allure. These factors are:

• Kinds of Motion: So that dance performances do not seem monotonous and want to be more beautiful, various movements are needed. Do a mixture of some of the movements on the limbs so that the dance looks better. Not only with waving hands and feet, but also glances, facial expressions and head movements can also be added. This diversity will make the dance performed look more aesthetic.
• Kinds of Accompaniment: if a dance is accompanied by an orderly rhythm, then the dance can be enjoyed in motion, sound and feeling. However, the dance will be even more alive if it is accompanied by the natural voice of the dancer. The natural accompaniment can come from clapping, stomping feet or some shouting that accompanies the movement.
• Makeup and Costumes: in a dance performance, the taste factor is also a significant part in order to convey the message contained in the dance performance. To make the meaning easier to understand, it would be nice if the makeup and costumes worn matched the theme that was being sung. So that the facial expressions and dance moves will add beauty to a performance.
• Pattern Floor / Blocking: A dance that is performed will look more beautiful if the movements match the floor pattern. So the movements that the dancer tries are not just monotonous in the middle of the stage or just one point. A dancer must be able to get used to the place and position of the audience.

Not only that, if the dance performance being performed is a type of group dance, the transitions between dancers must also be arranged in such a way in terms of blocking. This is so that when displayed, the movements presented look compact, orderly and not chaotic.

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