√ Definition of Social Support, Functions, Sources, Forms, Benefits and Factors
Definition of Social Support, Functions, Sources, Forms, Benefits and Factors – In this discussion we will explain about social support. Which includes the notion of social support, the function of social support, sources of social support, forms of support social support, the benefits of social support, factors that influence social support with a complete and light discussion understood.
Definition of Social Support, Functions, Sources, Forms, Benefits and Factors
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Definition of Social Support
Social support or social support is a form of attention, appreciation, enthusiasm, acceptance or assistance in other forms that originate from people who have close social relationships, such as parents, siblings, children, friends, friends or other people who aim to help someone when something happens problem.
This form of social support can be in the form of information, certain behaviors or material can be used so that individuals can receive help, feel that someone loves them, there is attention, and worth.
Social Support Function
According to Rook in Smet (1994: 134) states his assumption that social support is one of the functions of social ties (bonds). Functional aspects include.
- Emotional support
- Encourage to express feelings
- Give advice or information
- Provide material assistance.
Moreover, social support must be considered as a distinct concept, social support refers only to the interpersonal relationships that protect people against the negative consequences of stress.
Social Support Resources
The sources of social support according to Rooks And Dootey are as follows:
Artificial Social Support
Artificial social support is social support made in a condition of someone's urgent need due to natural disasters with various social contributions.
Natural Social Support
Natural social support is natural social support that a person gets through social interaction in a different life spontaneously with the people around him, such as family members such as children, wife, husband, relatives, close friends or relation. This social support is non-formal.
Forms of Social Support
Sarafino (2006) states that there are five types of social support, including:
Emotional Support
This support consists of expressions such as paying attention, empathizing and being concerned about someone. This support will make the recipient feel comfortable, secure and feel owned and loved when he is experiencing stress, providing assistance in the form of encouragement, personal warmth and love.
Award Support
This support can make someone who receives support awaken a sense of self-esteem, confidence and feel valuable. This type of support is very useful when someone experiences stress due to task demands that are greater than their abilities.
Instrumental Support
This support is in the form of assistance that is given directly and concretely, such as giving or lending money or helping relieve stressful tasks.
Information Support
This support can make a person feel if he is part of a group where members can share with each other.
Benefits of Social Support
Social support can cause a person to feel someone is cared for, valued, and loved. And also with this social support can also provide physical and psychological comfort to individual that can be seen how social support influences the occurrence and effects of worry.
Sarfino (2006) stated that social support can affect a person's physical and psychological aspects as explained in the two theories below:
The Buffering Hypothesis
This theory suggests that social support becomes a person's protector by fighting the negative effects of high stress levels in two ways, namely:
When a person experiences a strong stressor, such as finance, someone with a high level of social support becomes less perceive the situation as stressful, when compared to someone with that level of social support low.
Individuals with a high level of social support hope that someone they know will help them. Social support can change the response to previously received stressors.
For example someone with high social support may have someone who can provide solutions to individual problems or see the problem as something that is not important or make the individual able to find a bright spot for the problem the.
The Direct Effect Hypothesis
Individuals with high levels of social support have strong feelings if the individual is loved and valued. Individuals with high social support assume that other people care about and need the individual so that this can lead the individual to a healthy lifestyle.
Factors Influencing Social Support
Stanley stated that there are three factors that influence social support, including:
-
Physical Needs
Physical needs can influence social support. Physical needs include clothing, food and shelter. If a person's physical needs are not fulfilled then that person does not get social support. -
Social Needs
With good self-actualization, a person is more famous in society compared to people who have never socialized in society. People who have deeper self-actualization always want to gain recognition in public life, therefore, recognition is needed in giving awards. -
Psychic Needs
Psychic needs, for example curiosity, security, religious feelings, cannot be fulfilled without the help of others. Someone who is experiencing a problem, be it mild or severe, then that person will tend to seek social support from people around him.
myers (2012) states that there are four factors that lead to the formation of social support, including:
Empathy: Where the ability and tendency to empathize with others is the main motive in the actions that encourage individuals. Empathy makes a person participate in feeling the emotions experienced by others. With empathy someone can motivate others to reduce the problems they face.
Norm that a person receives during personal growth and development from social experiences, provides direction on someone to behave appropriately and requires individuals to carry out obligations in life social. This will form a concern to provide help to other individuals.
Social Exchange. In social exchange theory, there is human interaction that has guidelines for the social economy, namely there are rewards and compensation by giving and receiving. This theory states that individuals try to interact by maximizing rewards and minimizing burdens so that they can be used to predict the behavior of other individuals.
Socialogy. This theory is the application of the principle of evolution, in which helping behavior is considered more beneficial when it is done to individuals who are have blood ties so that their offspring can survive rather than helping other individuals who can spend time and energy. If in the end the individual decides to help another individual, it is because he expects the opposite assistance from the individual being helped.
Factors That Inhibit Social Support
There are factors that inhibit social support given to someone, namely:
- Withdrawal from others due to low self-esteem, fear of being criticized, expectation if other people will not help, such as avoiding, cursing themselves, being silent, staying away, not wanting to ask help.
- Against others such as suspicious attitude, insensitive, reciprocal and aggressive.
- Inappropriate social behavior, for example talking about himself constantly, disturbing others, wearing inappropriate clothes and never feeling satisfied.
Thus has been explained about Definition of Social Support, Functions, Sources, Forms, Benefits and Factors, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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