Theory Basis: Definition, Types and Methods of Writing
Theory Basis: Definition, Types and Ways of Writing- Is that a theoretical foundation? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss it and of course other things that also cover it. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
Theory Basis: Definition, Types and Methods of Writing
The theoretical basis is one of the parts in a study which contains theories and also research results originating from literature studies.
This section serves as a theoretical framework used to complete various research work. The theoretical basis can also be referred to as a theoretical framework.
In general, this Theoretical Framework consists of several concepts along with definitions and references to be used for highly relevant scientific literature, theory used for study or study. This section should provide an understanding of the theory and concepts relevant to the topic the research covered and as it relates to the broader area of knowledge being studied considered.
Function Theory in Research
The theory used in this research has several functions, which include the following:
- Serves to summarize and also organize existing knowledge in a particular field.
- Serves to provide temporary information about events and also the relationships that are being observed. This is done by providing variables that are interconnected with each other.
- Serves to stimulate the development of new knowledge by providing direction for further investigation.
Sugiyono believes that in research the theoretical basis needs to be upheld so that the research has a solid foundation, and is not just an act of trial and error.
Types of Types of Theory Basis
The following are the different theories used in qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research, namely:
Theory in quantitative research
Before discussing quantitative theory, researchers need to understand the variables and their types that will be used in building the theory. Research variables refer to characteristics or attributes of an individual or an organization that can be measured or observed.
The types of variables that are usually used in research include the following;
- Independent or independent variable
- Dependent or dependent variable
- Intervening or mediating variables
- Moderating variable
- Control variable
- Counfounding or spurious variables.
Theory in quantitative research is a set of interrelated constructs (or variables). related, associated with a proposition or hypothesis that specifies the relationship between variables (usually in terms of magnitude or directions).
A theory in research can function as an argument, discussion, or reason. Theories usually help explain (or predict) phenomena that occur in the world.
Lebovitz and Hagedorn (1971) in Creswell (2016) added the definition of theory with the idea of theoretical rationale, which is interpreted as "the effort to know how and why the variables and relational statements are related to one another other".
In a quantitative research proposal, researchers can assert their theory in various forms:
- The researcher confirms the theory in the form of statements of interconnected hypotheses. For example, the higher a person's rank, the stronger his centrality.
- The researcher states the theory in the form of an "if-then" statement which shows why one should expect the independent variable to influence the dependent variable.
- Researchers present the theory in visual form. This visual form is important for translating variables into visual images.
Theory in qualitative research
Qualitative researchers use theory in research for different purposes:
- In qualitative research, theory is often used as an explanation for certain behaviors and attitudes. This theory can be perfect with the existence of variables, constructs, and research hypotheses.
- Qualitative researchers often use theoretical perspectives as a general guide for researching gender, class, and race (or other issues of marginalized groups).
- In qualitative research, theory is often used as the final point of research. By making theory the final point of research, it means that the researcher applies the research process inductively that goes from data, then to general themes, then to theory or model certain.
- Some qualitative research does not use a theory that is too explicit. This case could happen due to 2 things:
- 1) Because no single qualitative study has been conducted with “absolutely generalized” observations
- 2) Because the previous conceptual structure which was compiled from certain theories and methods has provided a starting point for all observations (Schwandt, 1993 in Creswell, 2016).
Theory in mixed methods research
Theory in mixed methods research can be applied deductively, such as by testing or verification of theory quantitatively or inductively, as by generating a theory or pattern quantitative. In addition, there are several unique ways that a theory can be incorporated into mixed methods research in which the researcher collect, analyze, and combine quantitative and qualitative data using a mixed methods design different.
This framework takes 2 forms, both of which have appeared in the mixed methods literature over the last 5-10 years.
- Using a social science framework
Social science theory can provide an overarching framework for mixed methods research. Social science theory can be drawn from various theories found in social sciences such as: leadership, economics, political science, marketing, behavior change, adoption or diffusion of social science theories whatever.
- Using a transformative framework
The use and acceptability of transformative theories in mixed methods research has been growing in the last decade.
This impetus comes from the work of Mertens (2003, 2009) in Creswell (2016), which not only conveys The main aims of this theory but also the parts of these goals are used as a general research process and method mixture.
How to Write a Theory Basis
In writing the theoretical basis, there are several things that you need to pay attention to first, which include the following:
- There is the name of the originator of the theory.
- Write down the year and place of the first time.
- Give a scientific description of the theory.
- Connect existing theories with research efforts to achieve research goals or targets.
Besides that, in preparing a theoretical basis there are several things that need to be considered by a researcher, which include the following:
In compiling a theoretical basis, a researcher should use related guidelines with various problems being researched and also a guide containing research results previously.
Writing between other sub-chapters must remain clearly connected to each other and must pay attention to the rules of literature writing.
In order to get good and correct research results, literature review must meet the principles of modernity and must also be related to research problems. When using references with several editions, the one that must be used is the latest edition, whereas if the reference is no longer published, then the reference used is the most recent published. For the use of journals as reference material, the restriction on the year of publication does not apply.
The more sources you read, the better the quality of the research you do, especially the sources reading that comes from text books or other sources, for example from journals, newspapers, articles or magazines, the internet and others other.
The guidelines from the theoretical framework are very applicable to any type of research.
The theory that is in a research is not a person's personal opinion, unless the opinion has been written in a book.
For correlational research, at the end of the theoretical framework, theoretical models, conceptual models (if needed) and hypothetical models have been presented in separate sub-chapters. However, for case study research, it is only sufficient to develop a theoretical model and also provide an explanation.
The theoretical model referred to above is a framework of thought from a writer in a research conducted by him. The framework can be in the form of existing expert frameworks, or frameworks based on existing supporting theories.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Theoretical basis, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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