√ Definition of Nerve Cells, Structure, Characteristics & Functions (Complete)
Definition of Nerve Cells, Structure, Characteristics & Functions (Complete) - On this occasion About Knowledge will discuss about Nerve Cells. Which nerve cells are an important part of the performance of delivering responses. For more details, please refer to the following review.
Definition of Nerve Cells, Structure, Characteristics & Functions (Complete)
We need to know that in the performance of the body there is a response that delivers it to the organs of the body. In this case the nerve cells play an important role in delivering electrical impulses to the nervous system. So, here's the explanation in more detail.
Definition of Nerve Cells
Nerve cells or neurons are the main working unit of the nervous system which is useful for transmitting electrical impulses that are formed as a result of a stimulus (stimulus). Millions of nerve cells form a nervous system. These cells are responsible for delivering impulses (stimuli) from receptors (senses) to the brain and vice versa.
Structure Neurons have various types of parts of the nerve cells that function in certain ways. Neurons or nerve cells are the structural and functional uniqueness of the nervous system. Neurons have the ability in conductivity (conducting) and excitability (can be stimulated), as well as the ability to respond to stimuli very well.
Neurons consist of several parts, each of which is different from one another. In the brain there are approximately 100 billion neurons and glial cells. Neurons communicate via neuronal junctions called synapses.
Nerve parts
Following are the parts of the nerve:
1. nucleus
The nucleus is located inside the cell body. For example, as described earlier, the protoplasm of nerve cells contains granules. This nucleus functions as a regulator of the activity of nerve cells or neurons. Inside the cell nucleus there are also chromosomes and DNA which are used to regulate the heredity of the cell.
2. Cell Body
The cell body is the part of the nerve cell where the axons and dendrites attach. The function of the cell body is to receive impulses (stimuli) from the dendrites and pass them on to the neurites or axons.
3. dendrites
Dendrites are parts of nerve cells which are short branches where nerve impulses enter the cell. The function of dendrites is to receive and deliver stimuli to the cell body.
4. axon
The axon or axis cylinder is a part of the nerve cell in the form of a single fiber where impulses leave the cell. The axon length ranges from a few millimeters to several centimeters depending on the type of nerve cell. The axon is responsible for carrying impulses from the cell body to effectors, such as muscles and glands.
Although the diameter of an axon is only a few micrometers, it can be up to 1 to 2 meters in length. The function of the neurite is to transmit impulses from the nerve cell body to other nerve cells.
5. Myelin layer
The myelin layer or myelin sheath is a thin layer of fat that covers the axons and also some dendrites (in general). The function of the myelin sheath is to protect the neurites from damage and prevent leakage of impulses. The function of the myelin sheath is similar to that of an insulating electric cable.
Neurilemma is a connective tissue that is just above the myelin layer. Neurilemma is the outermost layer of nerve cells.
6. ranvier node
Raniver nodes are parts of nerve cells that do not contain a layer of myelin due to pressure on the fatty layer. Consequently, the nodes of Ranvier themselves are not structures of nerve cells. But the nodes of Ranvier are only pointers or markers that the part is deflected due to the absence of a layer of myelin between them.
This results in only the neurilemma covering it. useful in accelerating the transmission of nerve impulses. The presence of Ranvier's nodes allows nerves to jump from one node to another, so that impulses will arrive at their destination more quickly.
Characteristics of Nerve Cells
The following are the characteristics of nerve cells, among others:
- Found in humans and animals (partly)
- Sending stimuli and receiving stimuli
- Interdependence between structures
- Have a cell nucleus or nucleus
- All activity goes through the brain and spinal cord
Types of Nerve Cells
The following are types of nerve cells, among others:
Sensory Nerve Cells (Sensory Neurons)
Sensory or sensory nerve cells are nerve cells that function to convey impulses or stimuli from receptors or recipients of stimuli to connecting nerve cells or the central nervous system (spinal cord). and brain).
Connecting Nerve Cells (Intermediate Neurons)
Connecting nerve cells or intermediate neurons are nerve cells that form connecting chains between sensory nerve cells and the central nervous system. Connecting nerve cells are found in almost all parts of the body and serve as impulse pathways for nerve coordination.
Motor Nerve Cells (Motor Neurons)
Motor nerve cells or motor meurons are nerve cells whose function is to send impulses in the form of commands from the central nervous system to the muscle and gland tissues to make a response.
Nerve cell function
The following are the functions of nerves, among others:
- Receiving Stimulus
- Give response
- Processing stimuli
- Give feedback
Thus our explanation this time about Definition of Nerve Cells, Structure, Characteristics & Functions (Complete). Hopefully it can be useful and add knowledge to all of us. Thank You.
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