Simple Plane: Definition, Types and Example Problems
Simple Plane: Definition, Types and Example Problems – In this discussion we will explain about simple machines. Which includes the understanding of simple machines, types of simple machines and examples of simple machine questions that are discussed in full and easy to understand. For more details, please refer to the review below carefully.
Simple Plane: Definition, Types and Example Problems
Let's discuss the meaning of a simple machine first carefully.
Understanding Simple Planes
A simple machine is all the tools that are arranged simply and can lighten or facilitate human work. Simple planes can provide many benefits, such as changing the form of energy, reducing force, increasing speed and changing direction.
In Wikipedia it is stated that a simple machine is a mechanical device that can change the direction or magnitude of a force.
Types of Simple Planes
Simple machines work based on their working principle which can be divided into: Lever/levers, pulleys, inclined planes, and axle wheels/wheels. The advantage of a simple machine is that it has mechanics which is obtained from the comparison between the load force and the power force so that it makes human work lighter. The types or types of simple machines are as follows:
Levers/Levers
Lever or lever has the function of levering, pulling or lifting heavy objects.
The parts of the lever / lever:
A = power point
B = Load point
T = fulcrum
w = load force (N)
F = power force (N)
lk= power arm (m)
lb= load arm (m)
Lever types:
1. First kind of lever
The first type of lever is a lever with the fulcrum located between the load point and the force point (in the middle). Examples are: nail clippers, clothespins, scissors and pliers.
2. Second kind of lever
The second type of lever is a lever with the load point between the fulcrum and the force point. Examples are paper cutters, one-wheeled carts, nutcrackers, corkscrews.
3. Third kind of lever
The third class of levers is a lever with the force point located between the fulcrum and the load point. An example is a shovel which is often used to move sand.
Lever Mechanical Advantage
The advantage of using duty mechanics is the comparison between the load force (w) and the force force (F), can be written as:
KM = w/F or KM = lk/lb
The advantage of the mechanism on the lever depends on each arm. The longer the power arm, the greater the mechanical advantage.
Inclined plane
An inclined plane is a type of simple machine that is used to move objects with an inclined plane or trajectory.
Inclined sections
The working principle of an inclined plane
Oblique Gain
The advantage of using an inclined plane depends on the length of the base of the inclined plane and its height. The smaller the angle of inclination of a plane, the greater the mechanical advantage or the smaller the force that must be applied.
The mechanical advantage of the inclined plane is formulated by comparing the length (l) and the height of the inclined plane (h), namely:
kilometers = l/h
The benefits of inclined planes in everyday life are like stairs and a road in a mountainous area.
Pulley
A pulley is a wheel that rotates on its axis. Usually on the pulley there is also a rope or chain, to connect. According to how it works, a pulley is a type of lever because it has a fulcrum, force, and load. Pulleys can be divided into three groups, including:
Fixed pulley
Fixed pulley is a pulley whose position does not move when operated. Pulleys of this kind are often installed in certain places. For example, the pulley used in the bucket well and on the flagpole.Fixed pulley mechanical advantage
In the fixed pulley type, the length of the force arm is equal to the load arm, so the mechanical advantage on the fixed pulley is 1, which means the force force is equal to the load force.
Free pulley
Unlike the fixed pulley type, in the free pulley the position or position of the pulley is not fixed or changes and is not installed in a certain place. Such a pulley is often placed over a rope whose position can be changed. One end of the rope is tied in a certain place. If the other end is pulled, the pulley will move. This type of pulley can be found in container lifting equipment at ports.
Free pulley mechanical advantage
On a free pulley, the length of the force arm is equal to twice the length of the free arm the mechanical advantage on the fixed pulley is 2, which means the force is equal to half of load style.
Compound pulley
The compound pulley is a combination of fixed pulleys and free pulleys. The two pulleys are connected by a rope. In a compound pulley, the load is attached to the free pulley, at one end of the rope is attached to the fixed pulley tray. If the other end of the rope is pulled, the weight will be lifted and also the free pulley will move upward.The mechanical advantage of multiple pulleys
The mechanical advantage of multiple pulleys is the amount of rope used to lift the load.
Axle Wheel / Axle Wheel
Axle wheels or axle wheels are wheels that are connected to an axle that can rotate together. Wheel axle is one type of simple machine that is often found in tools such as car wheels, bicycle wheels, ship wheels, motor vehicle wheels and grinders and so on.
Example of a Simple Plane Problem
1. Andi wants to lift a weight using a single movable pulley. If the load weighs 4,000 N, then the amount of force you have to exert is?
Completion:
Is known:
w = 4,000 N
miles = 2
Asked: F…?
Answer
A single pulley has the function of diverting the force but not changing the direction of the force. The mechanical advantage of the moving pulley is 2, the formula for mechanical advantage is:
Information:
KM = Mechanical advantage
w = Heavy load (N)
F = force/power (N)
lf = power arm (m)
lw = load arm (m)
From the questions above, it is obtained:
KM = w/F
2 = w/F
2F = w
2F = 4,000 N
F = 4,000/2
F = 2,000 N
So the force needed to move the object is 2,000 N.
2. Andini wants to move an object using an inclined plane that is 12 m long. If the weight of the load is 800 N and the height of the inclined plane is 3 m, what is the amount of force Andidi must exert?
Completion:
Is known:
w = 800 N
l = 12 m
h = 3 m
Asked: F…?
Answer
Mechanical advantage:
kilometers = l/h
Miles = 12/3
miles = 4
So:
KM = w/F
4 = 800/F
4F = 800
F = 800/4
F = 200 N
So the amount of power that Andini has to give is 200 N.
Thus has been explained about Simple Plane: Definition, Types and Example Problems, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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