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Parliamentary System: Definition, Characteristics, Strengths and Weaknesses

Parliamentary System: Definition, Characteristics, Strengths and Weaknesses – In this discussion we will explain about the parliamentary system of government. Which includes the definition, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and countries that adopt a parliamentary system of government with a complete and easy-to-understand explanation.

Parliamentary System: Definition, Characteristics, Strengths and Weaknesses

For more details, please see the review below carefully.

Definition of Parliamentary Government System

The parliamentary system of government is a system of government in which members of parliament play an important role in a country. Parliament is a legislative body whose members are directly elected by the people through elections.

In a parliamentary system, there are two leaders, namely the prime minister as head of government and the president/king as head of state. Parliament has the power to appoint or remove the prime minister.

In this system the function is more as a state system, but does not interfere much with the government system. Even so, it does not mean that parliament can be arbitrary, just as a parliament can drop its leader, the president/king on the prime minister's suggestion can also dissolve parliament.

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Characteristics of a Parliamentary Government System

There are several characteristics of a parliamentary system of government, including:

  • There is a separation between the head of state and the head of government, but there is no separation between the executive and legislative powers, both powers are held by the parliament.
  • Members of parliament are determined by general election. The elected parliament consists of members of parliament, namely ministers and the Prime Minister, namely the leader of the parliament.
  • The president/king only has symbolic power outside of the executive and legislative as the head of state.
  • The prime minister, as the head of government, is elected by members of parliament, often from the political party that presides over elections and has executive powers or enforces the law.
  • The prime minister has the prerogative or privilege to appoint ministers who lead state departments and non-departments.
  • Members of parliament can drop the Prime Minister if one day most of them disagree with the leader of the government. The way to do that is by declaring a motion of no confidence.
  • The terms of office of the parliament and the president have no time reference
  • Executive power is responsible to legislative power.
  • Executive power can be overturned by the legislature
  • Ministers are only responsible to the legislature.

Advantages of Parliamentary Government System

There are several advantages to the parliamentary system of government, including the following:

  • Policy makers can be handled appropriately because it is easy to adjust opinions between the executive and the legislature. This is because the executive and legislative powers are in the hands of one party or a coalition of parties.
  • Responsibilities in making and implementing public policies are clear
  • There is strong oversight from parliament to the cabinet so that the cabinet becomes careful in running the government
  • Decision making takes time.

Definition of Parliamentary Government System, Characteristics, Strengths, Weaknesses

Disadvantages of a Parliamentary System of Government

While the shortcomings of the parliamentary system of government are as follows:

  • The position of the executive body or cabinet is very dependent on the majority support of the parliament so that at any time the cabinet can be dropped by the parliament.
  • The continuity of the position of the executive body or cabinet cannot be determined according to the term of office because the cabinet can be dissolved at any time.
  • Cabinet can control parliament. This happens if the members of the cabinet are members of parliament and come from the majority party. Because of their great influence in parliament and the party, cabinet members can control parliament.
  • Parliament is a place for regeneration for executive positions. Their experience as members of parliament is utilized and becomes an important provision for becoming ministers or other executive positions.
  • Parliament can dissolve at one time, the president dissolves it at the request of the prime minister, so that a general re-election must be held. Parliament is influenced by outside powers, namely from the majority political party, which has many representatives in parliament.
  • Its political policies can become unstable if there are frequent changes in members of parliament.

Countries that Adopt a Parliamentary System of Government

Countries that adhere to a parliamentary system of government include the United Kingdom, France, India, Pakistan, Malaysia, Canada, Japan, the Netherlands, Australia and so on.

Thus has been explained about Parliamentary System: Definition, Characteristics, Strengths and Weaknesses, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.

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